![]() We hypothesized that consumption of unprocessed and processed red meat may increase the risk of prostate cancer recurrence or progression because of the high saturated fat content of such meats ( 18) and that consumption of fish may decrease the risk of recurrence or progression through beneficial effects on inflammatory pathways ( 19). The aim of this study was to prospectively analyze the associations between postdiagnostic processed and unprocessed red meat, fish, poultry, and egg consumption and the risk of prostate cancer recurrence or progression in the Diet and Lifestyle substudy of the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor. These findings support the hypothesis that dietary factors may affect the progression of prostate cancer. In addition, saturated fat intake may be positively associated with prostate cancer mortality or biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy, and we previously reported a decreased risk of prostate cancer progression associated with high postdiagnostic fish and tomato sauce intake in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study ( 14– 17). Fewer prospective studies have assessed poultry or egg consumption and prostate cancer risk, and the results have been largely inconclusive, and no studies have examined postdiagnostic intake of these items in relation to prostate cancer progression ( 11– 13). Similarly, fish intake may not be associated with risk of total prostate cancer, but is inversely associated with risk of metastatic prostate cancer and prostate cancer mortality ( 9, 10). For example, processed or cured meats are more strongly associated with increased risk of advanced or metastatic prostate cancer than of total prostate cancer ( 2– 8). Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and factors that affect its occurrence may differ from factors that affect its progression. Thus, identification of modifiable factors that affect the progression of prostate cancer is important for prostate cancer patients and public health. In contrast, the 5-y survival of prostate cancer patients with distant metastases is only 32% ( 1). Over 90% of new cases are diagnosed in the localized or regional stages and have a 5-y survival approaching 100%. Men with high prognostic risk and a high poultry intake had a 4-fold increased risk of recurrence or progression compared with men with low/intermediate prognostic risk and a low poultry intake ( P for interaction = 0.003).Ĭonclusions: Our results suggest that the postdiagnostic consumption of processed or unprocessed red meat, fish, or skinless poultry is not associated with prostate cancer recurrence or progression, whereas consumption of eggs and poultry with skin may increase the risk.Īpproximately 2.1 million men currently live with prostate cancer in the United States, and an estimated 186,000 new cases were diagnosed in 2008. An interaction was observed between prognostic risk at diagnosis and poultry. Greater consumption of eggs and poultry with skin was associated with 2-fold increases in risk in a comparison of extreme quantiles: eggs and poultry with skin (HR: 2.26 95% CI: 1.36, 3.76 P for trend = 0.003). Intakes of processed and unprocessed red meat, fish, total poultry, and skinless poultry were not associated with prostate cancer recurrence or progression. Results: We observed 127 events (prostate cancer death or metastases, elevated prostate-specific antigen concentration, or secondary treatment) during 2610 person-years. ![]() ![]() Objective: We examined the association between postdiagnostic consumption of processed and unprocessed red meat, fish, poultry, and eggs and the risk of prostate cancer recurrence or progression.ĭesign: We conducted a prospective study in 1294 men with prostate cancer, without recurrence or progression as of 2004–2005, who were participating in the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor and who were followed for an average of 2 y. Background: Processed meat and fish have been shown to be associated with the risk of advanced prostate cancer, but few studies have examined diet after prostate cancer diagnosis and risk of its progression.
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